One of these proposed solutions was the design of the supercritical water cooled reactor. Conceptual design of a supercritical watercooled reactor with an internal recirculating flow hanok kang and yoonyeong bae korea atomic energy research institute, 150 deokjin yuseong daejeon korea 305353 a conceptual design of a directcycle supercritical watercooled reactor with an internal recirculating flow is. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. International atomic energy agency, heat transfer behaviour and thermohydraulics code testing for supercritical water cooled reactors scwrs, iaeatecdoc1746, iaea, vienna 2014. Sep 16, 2014 this is a survey of several designs for nuclear power reactors cooled by water at supercritical pressure. This equation states that the time change of the neutron population is equal to the excess of neutron production by fission minus neutron loss by absorption in one mean generation time with delayed neutrons ld. Development project of supercriticalwater cooled power reactors overview, irradiation test and mechanical property test shigeki kasahara hitachi, ltd. Potential advantages of coupling supercritical co 2 brayton cycle to water cooled. Supercritical water cooled reactor scwr is a generationiv nuclear reactor design that operates on a direct energy conversion cycle above the thermodynamic critical point of water 374 0c and 22. Supercritical steam cycle for nuclear power plant pdf.
Stability analysis of supercritical water cooled reactors. The heat is carried away from the reactor and is then used to generate steam. Potential advantages of coupling supercritical co2 brayton. The scwr system is primarily designed for efficient electricity production, with the capability for actinide management. This book is an essential text for researchers in the areas of supercritical watercooled reactor materials and chemistry, working in industry or academia. Super critical watercooled fast reactor scfr is a feasible option for the geniv scwr designs, in which much less moderator and thus coolant are needed for transferring the fission heat from the core compared with the traditional lwrs. As part of the generation iv initiative, the international forum chose six proposed nuclear reactor designs to pursue research on. Supercritical water cooled reactor scwr is the only water cooled reactor among six generation iv reactor concepts. Materials and water chemistry for supercritical water. They apparently achieved a mid30% conversion efficiency, on par with more modern nuclear power stations and much better than the.
Gifsymposium, chiba, japan, may 19, 2015 slide 3 general features of scwr evolutionary innovative development on the base of the current lwrs and fossil power plants technologies cooled with light water and moderated with light or heavy water system coolant of supercritical pressure 22. Scwrs resemble light water reactors lwrs but operate at higher pressure and temperature, with a direct oncethrough cycle like a boiling water reactor bwr, and the water. A mixed core for supercritical water cooled reactors. Supercriticalwatercooled reactor scwr scwrs are high temperature, highpressure, light water cooled reactors that operate above the thermodynamic critical point of water 374c, 22. The superheated steam cooled reactors operating at subcriticalpressure were. Advanced nuclear power technology program massachusetts institute of technology. The superheated steam cooled reactors operating at subcritical pressure were. The supercritical water reactor scwr is a concept of generation iv reactor, that is operated at supercritical pressure i. By utilizing its high coolant temperature, the scwr is expected to achieve much higher thermal efficiencies than those of current wcrs, and thereby promise improved economics. Development of supercriticalwater cooled power reactor core design study with 3d core simulator s. Water cooled reactors have played a significant role in the commercial nuclear industry since its beginnings and currently account for more than 95 per cent of all operating civilian power reactors in the world.
European supercritical water cooled reactor sciencedirect. Spurred by the renewed interest in nuclear power, gas cooled fast reactors gfrs have received increasing attention in the past decade. This book is an essential text for researchers in the areas of supercritical water cooled reactor materials and chemistry, working in industry or academia. It is designed and analyzed by a european consortium of 10 partners and 3. Supercritical watercooled reactor scwr concepts were studied. Canada, eu and japan have completed the development of their. An indirect steam cycle was favoured for this concept to avoid activity in the turbines. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading. A high breeding fast reactor core concept, cooled by supercritical pressure light water has been developed with fullycoupled neutronics and thermalhydraulics core calculations, which takes into account the influence of core pressure loss to the core neutronics characteristics.
Motivated by the goals of the generationiv international forum gif, a gfr cooled by supercritical carbon dioxide sco2, fueled with light water reactor spent fuel transuranics, and directly coupled with a brayton cycle is under investigation as part of a. Supercritical co2cooled micro modular reactor sciencedaily. Structural solutions for justifying the choice of a preferred variant are examined. The cooling source, light water, is circulated past the reactor core to absorb the heat that it generates. The high performance light water reactor hplwr, how the european supercritical water cooled reactor is called, is a pressure vessel type reactor operated with supercritical water at 25 mpa feedwater pressure and 500 c average core outlet temperature. The very conservative european utility requirements for mitigation of severe accidents were adopted in sizing the containment and a core catcher was added to the design. In vertically oriented core, symmetric characters of. Hi there, i want to know about scwrsupercritical water reactor that is a gen iv reactor. Supercriticalpressure water nuclear reactors springerlink. The basic heat transfer element in the reactor core can be considered as round tubes and tube bundles. Supercritical watercooled reactor materials summary of. Abstract the design of the supercritical water cooled reactor requires development and qualification of innovative structural materials.
Uts concepts of the reactor are termed super lwr for thermal neutron spectrum and. Keywords power reactor power unit supercritical water nuclear power engineering vver reactor. The fast spectrum of scfr is useful for fuel breeding and thorium utilization, which is then beneficial for enhancing the sustainability of the. The idea of using a supercritical water scw coolant in a watercooled reactor dates back to the 1960s dollezhal et al. Pressurevesseltype supercritical watercooled reactors scwrs have been developed at the university of tokyo ut since 1989 and are studied in japan, europe and other countries. Supercriticalpressure light water cooled reactors 2014. Supercritical watercooled reactor scwr development. Mar 09, 2016 supercritical co2 cooled micro modular reactor by the korea advanced institute of science and technology kaist conceptual figure of a kaist micro modular reactor. Design of a supercritical water cooled reactor pressure vessel. The supercritical water reactor scwr is a concept generation iv reactor, mostly designed as. Supercriticalwater cooled power reactor development project 1. Despite this conservative approach the scwr containment is somewhat smaller than that of an.
Supercritical watercooled reactor scwr is the watercooled reactor using supercritical pressure water as coolant. The physical chemistry of corrosion in a supercritical. Optimized core design of a supercritical carbon dioxide. The supercritical water reactor scwr is a concept generation iv reactor, mostly designed as light water reactor lwr that operates at supercritical pressure i. Editorial supercritical watercooled reactors jiejincai, 1 clauderenault, 2 andjunligou 3 sinofrench institute of nuclear engineering and technology, sun yatsen university, zhuhai, guangdong, china. The term critical in this context refers to the critical point of water, and must not be confused with the concept of criticality of the nuclear reactor. European supercritical water cooled reactor request pdf. The supercritical watercooled reactor scwr is a high temperature, high pressure watercooled reactor that operates above the thermodynamic critical point 374 c, 22. The supercritical watercooled reactor scwr nuclear energy system is a combination of the advanced nuclear reactor technology and the updated supercritical fossil boiler technology whose plant efficiency can reach up to 50% europe future i, 2005 recently. Download it once and read it on your kindle device, pc, phones or tablets. Reactors with vertical or horizontal flow in the core can be found. The critical point of water occurs when its temperature reaches 374c and its pressure is 22.
The scwrfqt project is related to the hplwr phase 2 european project, executed between 2006 and 2010, focused on the design of the european supercritical water cooled reactor, hplwr. The supercritical watercooled reactor scwr is one of the six reactor. However, these benefits can be still utilized even in the water cooled reactor technologies under special circumstances. Heat transfer behaviour and thermohydraulics code testing for. The supercritical water cooled reactor scwr was chosen as one of generation iv nuclear reactor concept, which is also called as high performance light water reactor hplwr in europe 3. The 3rd international symposium on supercritical water cooled reactors, shanghai, china. The light water reactor also uses ordinary water to keep the reactor cooled. It is a pressure vessel type reactor similar to a pwr with control rods. The main advantages of implementation of watermoderated watercooled power reactors with supercritical parameters in power engineering are shown. Supercritical co2cooled micro modular reactor by the korea advanced institute of science and technology kaist conceptual figure of a kaist micro modular reactor. In addition, the majority of nuclear reactors under development and construction are water cooled.
Development project of supercriticalwater cooled power. Supercritical water cooled reactor scwr is the water cooled reactor using supercritical pressure water as coolant. Conceptual design of a supercritical watercooled reactor. The scope of the scwrfqt euratomchina parallel project is to design an experimental facility for qualification of fuel for the supercritical water cooled reactor. Fuel and core physics considerations for a pressure tube. The high performance light water reactor hplwr is under development in europe 7. Performance light water reactor hplwr and which is cofunded by the european. The high coolant temperature as it leaves the reactor core gives the scwr the potential for high thermal efficiency 45%. The physical chemistry of corrosion in a supercritical watercooled reactor conference paper september 20 with 11 reads how we measure reads.
Supercriticalpressure light water cooled reactors 2014, oka. Pioro encyclopedia of life support systems eolss free convection heat transfer of fluids at the nearcritical point with the application to a. Cfd in supercritical watercooled nuclear reactor scwr. The reactor core may have a thermal or a fastneutron spectrum, depending on the core design. May 16, 2008 the main advantages of implementation of water moderated water cooled power reactors with supercritical parameters in power engineering are shown. A simplified supercritical fast reactor with thorium fuel. It is considered as one of the promising generation iv reactors, due to its advantages of plant simplification and high thermal efficiency 2, 3. Joint ictpiaea course on science and technology of. Unesco eolss sample chapters nuclear energy materials and reactors vol. The combination of advanced watercooled reactor technology and advanced supercritical fossil technology is expected to result in a reactor concept that can be used to generate baseload electricity very economically and efficiently. Scwr reactors are very similar to light water reactors, see fig. The term critical in this context refers to the critical point of water, and must not be confused with the concept of criticality of the nuclear reactor the water heated in the reactor core becomes a. A research team has suggested an innovative concept of a reactor cooled by supercritical state carbon dioxide sco2. A high breeding fast reactor core concept, cooled by supercritical pressure light water has been developed with fullycoupled neutronics and thermalhydraulics core calculations, which takes into account the influence of core pressure loss to.
The core has long life 20 years without refueling as well as inherent. Materials and water chemistry for supercritical watercooled reactors is unique in that it brings together materials and water chemistry, their interrelationship, the historical perspective and their application to scwr conceptual design. Watercooled reactor definition of watercooled reactor by. Nuclear reactor, supercritical water, heat transfer, hydraulic resistance, thermophysical properties, critical point, pseudocritical point. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page.
Status report chinese supercritical watercooled reactor. A mixed core for supercritical watercooled reactors. Supercritical water reactor fuel qualification test. Supercritical carbon dioxide sco2 brayton cycles are under development as advanced energy converters for advanced nuclear reactors, especially the sodiumcooled fast reactor sfr. Schulenberg and others published european supercritical water cooled reactor find, read and cite all the. The use of dry air cooling for direct heat rejection to the atmosphere ultimate heat sink is increasingly becoming a requirement in many regions due to. Core design of a high breeding fast reactor cooled by. Supercritical watercooled reactor scwr development through. Status report chinese supercritical watercooled reactor csr overview full name chinese supercritical watercooled reactor acronym csr reactor type pressurized water reactor pwr coolant supercritical light water moderator light water neutron spectrum thermal thermal capacity 2,300 mw th electrical capacity 1,000 mw e design status. Joint ictpiaea course on science and technology of supercritical water cooled reactors igor pioro 27 june 1 july, 2011 faculty of energy systems and nuclear science university of ontario institute of technology 2000 simcoe str. The hplwr reactor design is an example of a supercritical water cooled reactor. The supercritical watercooled reactor scwr is a concept for an advanced reactor that will operate at high pressure 25mpa and high temperature 500c average core exit. North oshawa on l1h 7k4 canada introduction and historical development of scwrs. Editorial supercritical water cooled reactors jiejincai, 1 clauderenault, 2 andjunligou 3 sinofrench institute of nuclear engineering and technology, sun yatsen university, zhuhai, guangdong, china.
Heat transfer behaviour and thermohydraulics code testing. Development of supercriticalwater cooled power reactor. It highlights research on supercritical pressure light water cooled reactors scwrs, one of the generation iv reactors that are studied around the world. Feasibility study of supercritical light water cooled reactors for. Supercritical water cooled reactor scwr is a proposed generation iv nuclear reactor which would function above the thermodynamic critical point of water. The supercritical water cooled reactor scwr is one of the innovative water cooled reactor wcr concepts mainly for large scale production of electricity. On the basis of the neutron spectrum, the reactor is a fast resonance reactor. Supercritical water reactor scwr concept of the scwr. The tight array of fuel elements and the lower water density make it. Cfd in supercritical watercooled nuclear reactor scwr with.
The primary circuit is also interfaced with passive safety features. Supercritical watercooled reactors scwrs are among the most. At this point, water becomes neither a liquid nor a gas, but rather a distinct state with its own unique properties. The simplest equation governing the neutron kinetics of the system with delayed neutrons is the point kinetics equation. In this paper, the materials requirements of the various scwr concepts are introduced, with a focus on the european union pressure vessel concept and the. The concepts concerning a nuclear reactor cooled by water at supercritical pressure 25 mpa are presented. The supercritical water reactor scwr is a generation iv reactor concept that uses supercritical water referring to the critical point of water, not the critical mass of the nuclear fuel as the working fluid. The supercritical watercooled reactor scwr nuclear energy system is a. Understanding and prediction of thermal hydraulics. Supercriticalpressure light water cooled reactors kindle edition by oka, yoshiaki, mori, hideo. Materials and water chemistry for supercritical watercooled.
Supercriticalwatercooled reactor scwr scwrs are high temperature, highpressure, lightwatercooled reactors that operate above the thermodynamic critical point of water 374c, 22. Supercritical water cooled reactors scwrs are essentially light water reactors lwrs operating at higher pressure and temperature. It will also give newcomers to the field a survey of all of the available literature and a clear understanding of how these studies relate to the design of the scwr concept. This book focuses on the latest reactor concepts, single pass core and experimental findings in thermal hydraulics, materials, corrosion, and water chemistry. The soviet union constructed at two amb series supercritical water reactors at beloyarsk in the late 1950s, amb100 beloyarsk 1 and amb200 beloyarsk 2.
Information from its description page there is shown below. Supercritical watercooled reactor scwr is a generationiv nuclear reactor design that operates on a direct energy conversion cycle above the thermodynamic critical point of water 374 0c and 22. A water moderated, supercritical steam cooled reactor was designed by westinghouse in 1957, in which 7 fuel rods in cylindrical, double walled cans formed the fuel assemblies to insulate the superheated steam from the liquid moderator water at 260 c. Supercriticalwater cooled power reactor development project. Commons is a freely licensed media file repository. Survey of concepts of nuclear reactors at supercritical pressures 2.
515 134 1438 18 521 517 1526 1166 13 952 1009 888 67 973 1124 69 429 1021 1392 1124 1305 121 1404 916 962 324 203 632 178 10 50 452 95 208 1409 1314 1433 960 76 162 899 963 864 972 997 1138 1425